He became an astronaut in 1981, served as in-orbit capsule communicator (CAPCOM) during the first Spacelab flight, and flew seven space shuttle missions. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry. Hes known as the Father of the Video Game and helped develop some of the earliest gaming consoles. To wit: Mark Cuban. Childrens toys built from glue bottles and plastic bottle caps. Photo by Rafael Perez/Reuters. Margarita Carmen Cansino was one of the biggest movie stars in the world in the 1940s and '50s. (July 7, 2014) http://www.nytimes.com/2002/03/26/world/cesar-milstein-74-who-won-joint-nobel-prize-in-medicine.html, Chinea, Eyanir. You may not know what reCAPTCHA is, but you see it almost every time you sign into a new website. The groundbreaking promise of cellular housekeeping. (July 3, 2014) http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/1984458/Jacinto-Convit, Encyclopaedia Britannica. Convits vaccines for leprosy and leishmaniasis are no longer in use, and the search continues for universally effective and acceptable vaccines for both diseases. Fidel died in late 2016, and now Cubans are watching to see what further technological advances will arrive on the island. Try this: Look around your classroom or home and find all the devices that use USB ports and technology. But Caso's influence extended far beyond the sciences. Born in Buenos Aires in 1968, physicist Juan M. Maldacena studies the relationship between quantum gravity and quantum field theories. In Cuba, theres hope that loosening restrictions will help it catch up with the 21st century. Learn more: Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak, Lemelson-MIT. Since 2007, the most important method of distributing the Internet has been the El Paquete Semanalor, The Weekly Package. When asked if he regretted not winning the Nobel, Convit reportedly replied that his great regret was not curing cancer [sources: BBC; Chinea; Nobel Prize]. Try this: Sprout sweet potatoes in water to learn how plants grow. Jenny Marder. (July 4, 2010) http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1980/speedread.html, Parodi, Armando. Try this: Franklin is famous for experimenting with electricity. Read more about Cuban inventions in How communism turned Cuba into an island of hackers and DIY engineers. In 1993, astronaut Ellen Ochoa became the first Hispanic woman to go to space. Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine. Learn more: Biography of Johannes Gutenberg, German Inventor of the Printing Press (ThoughtCo). dorfromantik switch release; lecture en ligne chevaliers d'emeraude; scorpio rising intimidating; sometimes i feel like a motherless child django; antique wicker repair near me; tupperware mid august brochure 2020; anxiety: a very short introduction; Caso's exploration of early Oaxacan cultures led him to the monumental discovery and excavation of Tomb Seven at Monte Albn. "J. Luis Federico Leloir, or How to Do Good Science in a Hostile Environment." Steve Wozniak (1950-present) and Steve Jobs (1955-2011) Known for: "Woz and Jobs" are two of the most famous inventors of the 20th century. Known for: Though hes often said to have invented peanut butter, Carvers many achievements didnt actually include that popular product. Maldacenas research on the duality of conjecture was so groundbreaking, the participants of a 1998 string theory conference wrote a song to honor him called The Maldacena (sung and danced to the tune of The Macarena. It was the 1990s, after all). Vol. He shared the prize with Carl Cori and Gerty Cori (ne Radnitz), pioneers in understanding the catalytic conversion of glycogen [sources: Magill; Nobel Prize; USASEF]. Learn more about Friends of the NewsHour. Learn more: Grace Murray HopperA Legacy of Innovation and Service. Ellen Ochoa was born in Los Angeles, Calif., and earned her master's degree and doctorate in electrical engineering from Stanford University. (July 9, 2014) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2892770/. "All of these arcane rules and restrictions related to the embargo that are designed to block commerce with Cuba are keeping Americans from having access to these treatment opportunities," LaRame said. He was prolific, but his best-known inventions include the incandescent light bulb, phonograph, and an early movie camera. (July 3, 2014) http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/05/12/us-venezuela-people-convit-idUSKBN0DS1A720140512, Crutzen, Paul. 1.. Try this: Use an app like Roblox to design and create your own video game experience. Here are a few basic designs to get you started. (July 7, 2014) http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1984/milstein-bio.html, Molina, Mario J. You are also agreeing to our Terms of Service and Privacy Policy. One of the first Black women in U.S. history to receive a patent, she expanded upon . Compared to other countries, America has filed the most patents in the life sciences, is conducting most of the world's clinical trials and has published the most biomedical research. It's known for being inexpensive and simple to make. The electric engine from the widely-owned Soviet Aurika washing machine is commonly repurposed. In the late 19th century, it was improved upon by Sarah Boone, an African American woman who was born enslaved. She was the first African-American female doctor to receive a medical patent. Make your own crystal radio. Racotumomab targets a molecule that scientists believe is found on all cancer cells, which means the drug could one day be effective against blood cancers as well as the solid tumors that accompany diseases like lung, breast, prostate and colon cancer. "Alfonso Caso y Andrade." Head and neck cancers make up approximately 3 percent of all cancers in the U.S., affecting about 52,000 Americans every year. Currently a faculty member at the Institute for Advanced Studies, he has been awarded the Fundamental Physics Prize (2012) and appeared on the Einsteins Dream episode of PBSs Big Ideas. 2006. The New York Times. Learn more: Guglielmo Marconi (Brittanica). Jenny Marder is a senior science writer for NASA and a freelance journalist. There is more to the list of famous Cubans than you can fathom. Old cells hang around as we age, doing damage to the body. Philip S. Hench Walter Reed Yellow Fever Collection. By most measures, the United States' business-friendly environment has proven to be fertile for medical innovation. Ruiz pays contacts in the U.S. to buy and bring the necessary technology to Havana. He became an American citizen in 1977. A mans world? Photo by Enrique De La Osa/Reuters. Learn more: The Legacy of Dr. George Washington Carver. New music is taking over for salsa in Havana's hippest clubs. (July 3, 2014) http://www.who.int/lep/situation/latestdata/en/, World Health Organization. "Mario J. Molina -- Biographical." "If people knew about these cutting-edge treatments coming out of Cuba, people would want to have them," said Pierre LaRame, executive director of the Oakland-based Medical Education Cooperation with Cuba, which advocates for Cuban medical inventions in the U.S. and publishes an international, peer-reviewed journal focusing on Cuban health and medicine. IUBMB Life. Read more about Cuban inventions in How communism turned Cuba into an island of hackers and DIY engineers. Many Cubans can't get parts to fix the old American and Russian cars, but adding electronic entertainment is becoming popular. And while they definitely belong on this list, theyre just the start of the innovators and inventors that kids ought to know. The new year once started in Marchhere's why, Jimmy Carter on the greatest challenges of the 21st century, This ancient Greek warship ruled the Mediterranean, How cosmic rays helped find a tunnel in Egypt's Great Pyramid, Who first rode horses? In 1925, Alfonso Caso y Andrade added an M.A. Try this: Da Vinci was fascinated by flying machines. (July 4, 2014) http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1968/press.html, Nobel Prize. This makes finding one "cure" difficult, if not impossible. Top 100 famous female inventors in history 1. Known for: Bloodmobiles are a common sight these days, thanks to Dr. Drew. Electronics are still hard to buy in Cuba, and often come from relatives who live in the United States. Andy Ruiz, one of the only people producing 360 degree videos in Cuba, gets the technology brought in from connections in America. She went on to become the first Black female millionaire in the U.S. Government glassware used to distribute food was often reused to store and trade illegal food and medicine, Oroza says. Reed and his colleagues, who had been dispatched to Cuba to fight the disease that had killed so many soldiers during the Spanish-American War, helped Finlay improve his experiments and verified that the species now known as Aedes aegypti was indeed the culprit. From groundbreaking biologists and physicists to innovators in the fields of medicine, botany, and environmental studies, here are 10 game-changing Hispanic scientists you should know about. Known for: Yet another artist-turned-inventor, Morse is best known for developing the electric telegraph, which allowed people to communicate over long distances nearly instantly. "Leprosy Vaccine Scientist Dies, Aged 100." May 12, 2014. 2. Cuban artist Ernesto Orza has spent the last decade photographing and collecting many of these creations. Eco-friendly burial alternatives, explained. 12, no. Since then, researchers have applied his technique to other antibody hybrids and produced a versatile array of assays and diagnostics, including tools used in pregnancy tests, biomarkers, cancer treatments, highly specific vaccines, and blood and tissue typing [sources: Encyclopaedia Britannica; Chang; Telegraph UK]. But after President Obama lowered sanctions in 2009, restored diplomatic ties in 2014, and removed Cuba from the State Sponsors of Terrorism list in 2015a digital revolution has dawned. Long walled off from world trade and modern technology, Cuba has developed a robust culture of DIY engineers who turn household items into useful inventions. Today, the world recognizes Cuban doctor and scientist Carlos Juan Finlay as a pioneer in the study of yellow fever. Learn more: Thomas Edison National Historical Park. "Csar Milstein -- Biographical." This allowed mass production of his incredibly popular Model T and other cars. Try this: Wow your science fair judges by building a Tesla Coil of your own. Benacerraf later recalled how the mixture of his heritage and upbringing created difficulties for him both in America and when he later temporarily moved to Paris [sources: Benacerraf; Encyclopaedia Britannica; Nobel Prize]. 1970. Jony Ive. Here are three additional medical innovations that the U.S. could benefit from if relations between the U.S. and Cuba continue to thaw. Born in 1870 in Washington D.C. to a Mexican diplomat father, Mexia spent many years as a social worker before enrolling as an undergraduate at the University of California Berkeley and discovering her passion for botany. Travis Daub is Director of Digital at PBS NewsHour. The VSSP research is so preliminary that Cuban scientists' documents still have to be translated from Spanish into English, says Dr. Kelvin Lee, chair of Roswell Park's department of immunology. Copyright 1996-2015 National Geographic SocietyCopyright 2015-2023 National Geographic Partners, LLC. That's what makes the medical prominence of Cuba all the more surprising to those who view a free market as an essential driver of scientific discovery. in the subject to his philosophy master's degree and law degree, all from the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) [sources: Anthropology News; Encyclopaedia Britannica; Gaillard; Smithsonian]. Working against a wide-ranging embargo from the neighboring United States, Cubans have been getting along without many basic goods for half a century. Born in Buenos Aires, Argentina, Houssay performed research in circulation, respiration, immunity, the nervous system, digestion and the treatment of insect and snake bites. Photo by Ernesto Oroza & Penelope de Bozzi. When uncontrolled diabetes causes nerve and blood vessel damage in a persons foot, it can lead to one of the most debilitating complications of the disease: the development of foot ulcers -- deep, red sores that can penetrate to the bone. Read more about Cuban inventions in our Science Wednesday piece, How communism turned Cuba into an island of hackers and DIY engineers. (July 7, 2014) http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1970/press.html, NASA. Known for: Gutenberg was the first European to invent the printing press. Learn more: Madam C. J. Walker Official Website. When does spring start? The thing that struck me most while compiling this list was the devastating effect that political forces can have on science. Note: The first person of Latin American origin in space was Cuba's Arnaldo Tamayo Mndez in 1980, as part of a team from the Soviet Union. Countries of origin include: Argentina, Cuba, Spain, United States and Venezuela. He attended the National School of Arts in Havana and later went on to become a music professor in the 70s. Symptom reduction remains the only treatment; untreated, the disease has a 50 percent mortality rate. About 1.7 million Americans will be diagnosed with cancer this year, and about 600,000 are expected to die of it. Innovators and Inventors Andy Ruiz is one of the first to produce 360-degree video in Cuba. famous cuban inventors Jan Matejko (1838-1893): He was a famous history painter and portrait painter. In a way, we are: The surfaces of our cells teem with a unique array of antigens that identify us and prevent our own immune systems, under normal circumstances, from attacking those cells. Since 2006, Cuba has had a drug for foot ulcers called Heberprot-P that prevents the need for amputations. On the rooftop of Flauta Magica bar and restaurant, DJ Joan Coffigny spins deep house music. The most promising change yet came Tuesday, when the Obama administration announced that American dollars will now be usable in financial transactions in Cuba. Known for: In his work as a professional scene painter for the opera, Daguerre began experimenting with camera obscura for painting large backdrops. May, Leopold. Can we bring a species back from the brink? (July 4, 2014) http://www.nytimes.com/1988/09/02/obituaries/luis-w-alvarez-nobel-physicist-who-explored-atom-dies-at-77.html, The Telegraph (UK). Read more about Cuban inventions in How communism turned Cuba into an island of hackers and DIY engineers. Ernesto Lecuona, often regarded as the greatest Cuban composer Esteban Salas y Castro, 18th century Cuban baroque composer Gonzalo Roig, often regarded as one of the greatest composers of Cuba, "Quiere me mucho"/ Cecilia Valdez Ignacio Cervantes, Chopinesque piano composer Jos White Lafitte, violinist and composer Try it: If you can get your hands on an old computer thats no longer needed, deconstruct it with your class to learn about the pieces and parts inside. For as long as there have been empires, juntas and dictators, there have been ideas that are easier to suppress, mock or beat down than to face in open debate. Michael ZagarisMLB/Getty Images. Known for: One of the most famous inventors around, Bell gave the world the telephone. In 1938, Alvarez identified orbital-electron capture, radioactive decay in which a nucleus absorbs an orbital electron. During that time, Finlay didnt give up on his research. In 1961, he headed a new molecular biology department in the National Microbiological Institute, but resigned a year later in reaction to Pern's persecution of intellectuals. Before she spent her days overseeing Americas science and scientific education programs, Crdova conducted important research on X-ray and gamma ray sources, accretion discs, and black holes, publishing more than 150 scientific papers. Benacerraf was born in Caracas, Venezuela, but lived in Paris as a youth and spent most of his life and career in America. "As far as Nimotuzumab is concerned, at least in the pediatric oncology setting, there isnt any study that has been successful enough to influence the FDA to allow it [to] be licensed or approved for pediatric use in North America," Bouffet said. The Daily Californian. 1: Franklin Chang-Daz (1950-) and Ellen Ochoa (1958-), Anthropology News. The work earned him the 1995 Nobel Prize in chemistry, an honor he shared with Rowland and Paul J. Crutzen, a pioneer in studying nitrogen oxide effects on ozone destruction [sources: Crutzen; Nobel Prize; Nobel Prize]. She was formerly digital managing editor for the PBS NewsHour. https://www.pbs.org/newshour/science/bizarre-brilliant-useful-inventions-cuban-diy-engineers, How communism turned Cuba into an island of hackers and DIY engineers. Read on to find out more about some of the famous Cubans who have taken their culture around the world. For this reason is it hardly enjoyable for anyone involved, Oroza says. Ideas, Inspiration, and Giveaways for Teachers. This article aims to delve into important inventions and their inventors from the perspective of the SSC CGL/CHSL and Banking examinations. Since then, people huddled around smartphones has become a ubiquitous sight. Learn more: The Lumire Brothers, Pioneers of Cinema. His swivel chair was an instant hit, and he also created the dumbwaiter system. Shes also known for the invention of closed-circuit TV. "Yellow Fever." (July 7, 2014) http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1984/, Nobel Prize. By entering your email and clicking Sign Up, you're agreeing to let us send you customized marketing messages about us and our advertising partners. Sep. 2, 1988. Raul Castro, Fidels younger brother, has led the country since 2006. March 2014. This list may not reflect recent changes . (July 4, 2014) http://www.dailycal.org/2014/06/17/frank-asaro-uc-berkeley-nuclear-chemist-dies-age-86/, Milstein, Csar. Alvarez." Known for: When Hopper first starting working with computers, they took up entire rooms. He was a gifted artist, but he also invented a wide array of technologies. Cuba may not have had the technology, but its had the drive for innovation. A National Geographic team has made the first ascent of the remote Mount Michael, looking for a lava lake in the volcanos crater. A new television covers the wall of an old home in Havana. Photo by Ernesto. The trade embargo is holding up research in some crucial areas. 4. Known for: Edison is one of the most famous inventors of all time. What is wind chill, and how does it affect your body? Together with the linear accelerators that he helped pioneer, these revolutionized the discovery of elemental particles, which he and his team discovered by the truckload [sources: Encyclopaedia Britannica; Nobel Prize; PBS; Sullivan; Wohl]. 1970. After all that excitement, he retired from NASA in 2005 [sources: NASA]. The administration is also easing travel restrictions, allowing individuals to visit Cuba for "people to people" educational tours, whereas before Americans were only allowed to make such trips as part of a tour group. His inventions include the lightning rod, bifocals, and the Franklin Stove. 2012. Joseph and John weren't the only black inventors involved in agriculture. Now, theyre opening Facebook accounts, listing their homes on Airbnb, and watching Netflix. Many Cubans have relatives in the U.S., so relying on outside parts is common. He created the N95 respirator mask, which helps keep people safe against airborne viruses. Nimotuzumab has had orphan drug status in the U.S. for the treatment of glioma since 2004 and for pancreatic cancer since 2015. Magill, Frank. Try this: Assemble a homemade pulley system to mimic Jeffersons dumbwaiter. Try this: For a cool science fair project, learn to make a model of a steam power generator. He also developed Morse Code: a system of dots and dashes used to send these messages. Photo by Desmond Boylan/Reuters RIGHT: Farmer Carlos Frachi invented a crop irrigation system using soda bottles. From illegally installing rooftop radio antennas to record American music to hotwiring antique cars, Cubans are ingenious at figuring out workarounds to barriers that would otherwise keep them decades behind their neighbors. Some of these are household names, while others deserve more recognition for inventions that have become essential to daily life. Sep. 29, 2006. All rights reserved. Internet cards connect customers at a wifi hotspot in Havana. 2023 BuzzFeed, Inc. All rights reserved. (July 4, 2014) http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1980/benacerraf-bio.html, Chang, Kenneth. Instead of washing out of the sky through rainfall or oxidation, they floated into the upper stratosphere, where solar ultraviolet radiation broke them apart and set off an ozone-destroying chemical reaction. (July 7, 2014) http://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/about/people/orgs/bios/ochoa.html#.U7sDpfldV8E, Nobel Prize. "Franklin R. Chang-Daz (Ph.D.)" September 2012. May 9, 2012. Certain mouse spleen cells offered hope, but the specific antibodies they produced died too quickly to be useful. Known for: Woz and Jobs are two of the most famous inventors of the 20th century. Similar, yet worlds apart; that's this list in a nutshell. Try this: Looking for a cool science fair idea? 2014. The Treasury Department's Office of Foreign Assets Control has authorized the importation of some Cuban medicines in the past, but only enough to conduct research and clinical trials, according to a spokeswoman for the Treasury. The New York Times. His best-known invention, the Ochoaplane was a small flying machine with collapsible wings. Heres the technology that helped scientists find itand what it may have been used for. The following 15 pages are in this category, out of 15 total. Even before a reliable Internet connection, Cubans had created their own versions of Craigslist, Yelp, and eBay. All rights reserved. Along with fellow chemist Sherwood Rowland, Molina found that CFCschemicals commonly used as refrigerants, and colloquially known as Freonreleased into the atmosphere were contributing to ozone depletion. Category:Cuban inventions Category Talk Edit View history Help Cuba portal Pages in category "Cuban inventions" The following 5 pages are in this category, out of 5 total. In addition to CimaVax, Roswell Park is also investigating Racotumomab and VSSP -- two more promising cancer drugs invented by CIM. Cuba is very poor, and yet the country has some of the healthiest, most long-lived residents in the world -- as well as a medical invention or two that could run circles around U.S. therapies, thanks to government investment in scientific research and a preventive public health approach that views medical care as a birthright. The Great Fever. Learn more: Ralph H. Baer, National Center for Simulation. In 1984, Altarz created a band called "Adalberto Alvarez y su Son.". But that is just tip of the iceberg. The island nation, hemmed in by a 54-year trade embargo with the U.S., cant exchange goods with one of the worlds largest economies and the largest medical market. The drugs Cetuximab and Panitumumab, which are in the same class as Nimotuzumab but are available in the U.S., can cause unsightly and unpleasant acne-like rashes, while international reports about Nimotuzumab suggest its incidence of rash is a lot lower. He died in 2020. Father of singers Joan Baez and Mimi Faria, Mexican-American physicist Albert Baez was the co-inventor of the X-ray reflection microscope. (July 4, 2014) http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/databank/entries/boalva.html, Smithsonian Institution. By 2013, Heberprot-P had been registered in 15 other countries and used to treat more than 100,000 patients. Born in Mexico City in 1896, Alfonso Caso y Andrade left a career as a legal scholar to pursue his passion: understanding the nature and evolution of Mexicos pre-Hispanic cultures [PDF]. Their flight marked the first engine-powered manned aircraft.