[2][3] Twins in mythology are often cast as two halves of the same whole, sharing a bond deeper than that of ordinary siblings, or seen as fierce rivals. See: Twins in mythology. I believe Leah may have had a veil over her face or sent into his tent with no candlelight (Thomas Edison didnt come into the picture until much later). Also , blood type and rh factors change. The Iliad can provide new insights on the role of motherhood among the ancient Greek gods, and by extension, amongst ancient mortal Greek women themselves. Residential buildings were next on the list for the duo. This material may not bepublished, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed in whole or part without the express written permission of AncientPages.com, James Baldwin - A story of the golden age, Runes Were Just As Advanced As Roman Alphabet Writing New Study, Ancient Burials Of Worlds First Horse Riders Found Near The Black Sea, Clevelands Prehistoric Sea Monster Had A Mouth Twice As Large As A Great White Shark, Mysterious Bronze Age Golden Tomb Unearthed In Armenia. I'll let you guys be the judge of that one. For 5 years, Luke worked as a Campus Minister at the University of Toledo. Ahura Mazda on the roof of the Museum of Zoroastrian History in Yazd, Iran. A fresh take on sports: the biggest news and most entertaining lists. The year was 1992 and James White was the hitman the two women hired to murder Betty's husband. Making our way into the top 5 today and sitting at number 4 spot on our list of history's most evil twins are Tre'Von and Kretron Barnes way down south in Florida. Hassan and Abbas were arrested for the heist after DNA evidence linking them to the crime was discovered through a discarded glove at the scene. I found this page looking for biblical names for my twins. He also knew Jacob loved Rachel and would work another 7 years for her to be his wife. Jacobs wives, Leah and Rachel, were also twins identical twins. Do you think Ive done this somewhere? Robert became a desperate narcotics addict turned serial killer, and his brother Stephen didn't mind killing anyonewho stood in his way. Twins were a common theme in Greek mythology. While many today still believe in the existence of a double self, some scientists believe the phenomenon occurs based on injuries or stimulation to certain parts of the brain which cause errors in spatial reasoning. Without the creation of the doll, the living twin is almost destined for death because it is believed to be missing half of its soul. There are several different perspectives of who Lilith is and why she was so dangerous, but all of them involve her hatred towards Adam, Eve, and their descendants. The supreme creator deity of the Fon people of Benin is Mawu-Lisa, a being both male and female who is sometimes described as a pair of twins. You'd think these two brothers would have been caught red-handed, right? WebIn Iroquois mythology, the Twin Gods are the grandsons (or in some versions, the sons) of the goddess Sky Woman. The supreme creator deity of the Fon people of Benin is Mawu-Lisa, a being both male and female who is sometimes described as a pair of twins. For those of you who aren't familiar with what the drug Rohypnol is, here's a little refresher: it's commonly referred to on the street and in the news as the "Date Rape Drug." Fast forward to their adult life, and both of them wound up committing the worst offense a person can. They were monstrous children of Gaia, Mother Earth and Uranus (Ouranos) means sky. Taking the top spot on our list of history's most evil twins are probably the most notorious pair of evil twins of all time. Twins appear in the mythologies of many cultures around the world. The idea of contrasting duality, where the two halves of each pairing are independent and yet connected to one another, is vital to the Mesoamerican Have God answered your prayers yet? Leah, recognising she was not the favoured one would probably keep quite, have intercourse and commit Jacob to marriage. Twins need not be identical. InActs 28:11 we read that Paul sailed aboard an Alexandrian ship with the figureheads of Castor and Pollux on it. His name was Dr. Jack Wilson. Twins are often seen to be rivals or adversaries. WebIn the ancient Norse religion: Freyr and Freyja. In this cosmological model, the twinsAhura Mazda (Ormuzd)andAngra Mainyu (Ahriman)were co-eternal representatives of good and evil . 14 The Whitehead Twins Let's go down to Georgia where there's a horrific murder story about two evil twin sisters named Jasmiyah and Tasmiyah Whitehead. During the Iron Age, they believed that twins were bad omens sent by the gods to bring devastation to a community. Thank you., Its been a pleasure dealing with Krosstech., We are really happy with the product. Joanna Gillan is a Co-Owner, Editor and Writer of Ancient Origins. In this belief system, twins are a scourge that must be removed from society before they bring destruction and death. They both are guilty of killing innocent people and are spending what's hopefully the rest of their life behind bars. Another example of this strong bond shared between twins is the Ibeji twins from African mythology. Upgrade your sterile medical or pharmaceutical storerooms with the highest standard medical-grade chrome wire shelving units on the market. However, twins can also reflect a complete opposition of the other, such as the "civilized" Gilgamesh, and the "wild" Enkidu; or in the commonly known instance of good and evil twin identities. Also Tera was 70 when he became the father of Abram, Nahor, and Haran could mean triplets? The word for again as a continuous act is yachaph pronounces yaw-saf. Twins in particular are seen as potent mythic pairs; however, both twins and other pairs of siblings are utilized in iconography and mythology to represent connected opposites. Thank goodness they were caught before anyone got hurt. Castor and Pollux This probably shouldnt make the list, but Ill include it to be thorough. The mythology of spirit doubles can be traced back thousands of years and was present in many cultures of the past, holding a prominent place in ancient legends, stories, artworks, and in books by various authors. In Greek mythology these were the twin sons of Zeus and Leda, and were the patron deities of sailors. Were Cain and Abel Twins? Nefer Say Nefer - Was Nefertiti Buried in the Valley of the Queens? , Your email address will not be published. So where did belief in spirit doubles come from and is there any real truth to them? Even though Rachel was more beautiful in form and appearance, their bodies may have been similar. Genesis 4:1-2a states, Now Adam knew Eve his wife, and she conceived and bore Cain, saying, I have gottena man with the help of theLord. And again, she bore his brother Abel. The word again is the Hebrew termyacaph can also mean add or increase, giving the impression that Abel was born directly after Cain. Twin brothers Robert and Stephen Spahalski's story couldn't be any more insane. Need more information or a custom solution? In: This page was last edited on 27 February 2023, at 12:08. Their mother is Leda, a being who was seduced by Zeus who had taken the form of a swan. Abel may have been born years after Cain but the point is Abel was not born at the same time with Cain. Mawu is the moon and the female element of the deity, while Lisa is the sun and the male part. 1 The Ashvins 2 Apollo Apollo is one of the most important and complex of the Olympian deities in classical Greek and Roman religion and Greek and Roman mythology. According to interpretation, two medieval lovers are walking through the woods at twilight when they encounter their doubles who glow supernaturally. In 1996 these evil twin brothers were charged and convicted of raping a ludicrous amount of women dating as far back as 1982. Twins appear in the mythologies of many cultures around the world. Why? Abels father is Adam [1] In some cultures they are seen as ominous, and in others they are seen as auspicious. In mythology, such a creature is usually a god and is sometimes called a hermaphrodite, after Hermaphroditus, son of Hermes and Aphrodite, who is said to have grown together with the nymph Salmacis (Ovid, Metamorphoses 4.347 388). They can be seen as representations of a dualistic worldview. Sucks that's possible to do! This polarity may be great or small and at times can be opposition. That is if you're not familiar with them. The brothers are now serving their sentence at the same prison though they haven't communicated with each other in years. Mythological twins often also have special powers and deep bonds. Sign up to receive exclusive deals and announcements, Fantastic service, really appreciate it. [1] In some cultures they are seen as ominous, and in others they are seen as auspicious. The divine twins of Greece represented male and female, day and night, nature and culture. WebTwins in mythology. It was their gift of gratitude, and the thunderbolt became a symbol of Zeus. Pregnant women were carefully guarded from the trows who would often steal healthy human babies and replace them with their own children, known as changelings, who would transform into exact replicas of the stolen children. The German word translates literally as a double goer. Understanding the Mysterious Kingdom of Shambhala, Alleged Sighting of the Mythical Manananggal in the Philippines Causes Public Anxiety, The Truth Behind the Christ Myth: Ancient Origins of the Often Used Legend Part I, The Evidence is Cut in Stone: A Compelling Argument for Lost High Technology in Ancient Egypt, Caesars Savage Human Skewers Unearthed In German Fort. They can be seen as representations of a dualistic worldview. The theory that Leah and Rachel are twins is only really supported by the idea that Jacob confused them, but this, as you point out, could be explained by other factors. [1] Twins in mythology also often share deep bonds. Kripa and Kripi both scholars, the brother a guru in the Kuru court and one of the eight chiranjeevis and the sister who married Dronacharya. Lilith and Adam. At number 6 on our list of history's most evil twins are sisters who conspired together to kill one of their husbands. Cain & Abel are the first twins of the Bible. Here we havetwin brothers Hassan and Abbas. Thanks for the info, Luke! Some Bible scholars believe Cain and Abel were twins. Being compared all the time to your twin brother must've been tough for good old Iphy. I have been believing God for twins, as she put it, as well. The twins both received three years in the pin for their crime. WebIn Greek mythology these were the twin sons of Zeus and Leda, and were the patron deities of sailors. This list includes all types of twins, and they have all done something notable. I believe Cain and Abel were not twins, Its only that the writer of Genesis decided to shorten the chapter instead of writing stories that Adam took time to know his wife again. Mawu is the moon and the female element of the deity, while Lisa is the sun and the male part. The evil doppleganger does have tell tale signs tho, no real feelings, soft talkers until you rile them. Whatever the real truth behind doppelgangers, belief in the spirit double has instilled both fear and wonder in people for thousands of years. Thenabout their bright manes and his own yellow locks he twineswreaths of sweet-smelling flowers,amaranths and daffodilsand asphodels from the heavenly gardens. "Each hears his master's voice, and comes obedient. Wrapping her face in a veil and disguisingherself as a prostitute, she intercepts Judah on the road and he sleeps with her. Ahura Mazda on the roof of the Museum of Zoroastrian History in Yazd, Iran. its been i think two weeks and iam so scared because its an omen of death.in that house i was leaving alone and now i already visited my family and i think i shouldnt go back to were i saw the doppelganger.can you help me? Doing a dime is a hell of a lot of time no matter how you look at it. EnerDels energy storage systems provide greater reliability, scalability and efficiency compared to other battery-based solutions for a variety of residential, commercial and industrial applications. Which makes Noah the descendant of Adam through Seth. Interestingly, the first generation of the Cyclopes were named Brontes (thunderer), Sterops (lightener) and Arges (thunderbolt). Without the creation of the doll, the living twin is almost destined for death because it is believed to be missing half of its soul. Were Cain and Abel Twins? WebIn Greek mythology these were the twin sons of Zeus and Leda, and were the patron deities of sailors. 1 The Ashvins 2 Apollo Apollo is one of the most important and complex of the Olympian deities in classical Greek and Roman religion and Greek and Roman mythology. The Feri gods are not separated entities but are unified into one center. I agree someone needs to write a book! Sol and Mani are probably also twins; they were the divinities of the sun and the moon, respectively. [6] Twins in mythology are often associated with healing. In Greek mythology Narcissus falls in love with his reflection, and in Gothic tales such as Edgar Allan Poes William Wilson (1839), James Hoggs Private Memoirs and Confessions of a Justified Sinner (1824), Elizabeth Gaskells The Poor Clare (1856) and even Hans Christian Andersens lesser-read fairy-tale The Shadow, characters are haunted and followed by their often malevolent likenesses. By stabbing her so many times, they sliced through her spine and left her in the bathroom to die. Women in their mid-thirties are more likely to conceive fraternal twins than younger mothersreleasing two eggs at the same time is not typical, possibly reflecting the aging process. As a matter of fact, these two are dangerous and formed plots to fund terrorist cells through charity organizations. During the Iron Age, they believed that twins were bad omens sent by the gods to bring devastation to a community. The symbol of wholeness is exemplified by a set of male-female twins, blessed with divine completeness. In some Northwest Coast tribes, such as the Kwakwaka'wakw, twins are believed to be blessed by the Salmon People and have special ceremonial roles in the Salmon Ceremony. 1. Kripa and Kripi both scholars, the brother a guru in the Kuru court and one of the eight chiranjeevis and the sister who married Dronacharya. The two had sexually explicit ads posted on the website Backpage. Twins are often depicted with special powers. Ephraim and ManassehThe Bible does not directly state that the two sons of Joseph andAsenath were twins, but there is good reason to believe they were. Please can everyone pray for me. During the Iron Age, they believed that twins were bad omens sent by the gods to bring devastation to a community. Identical twins always have one placenta. Most of what you are describing sound like opposites rather than twins. This sect distilled the general abstract duality of Zoroastrianism into a concept of manifest twins "born" of a monist "Time." Were Cain and Abel Twins? However, twins can also reflect a complete opposition of the other, such as the "civilized" Gilgamesh, and the "wild" Enkidu; or in the commonly known instance of good and evil twin identities. Ahura Mazda on the roof of the Museum of Zoroastrian History in Yazd, Iran. Webpairs (Minneci, 1999). As if she almost took it naturally.n She didn't tell me until in my adult years though. Although it sounds like blasphemy to the Christian mindset, it would make complete sense in keeping with the rest of the Bible. In one Egyptian myth entitled The Greek Princess, an Egyptian view of the Trojan War, a ka of Helen was used to mislead Paris of Troy, helping to stop the war. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. It says it was customary to marry the oldest first so he didnt want to break custom either. Delete not (Didnt not) One of the victims was torched and thrown into a nearby river. Genesis 25:2226 says, The babies jostled each other within her, and she said, Why is this happening to me? To the Dogon of Mali, t Continue Reading 11 According to an article from MirrorProsecutor Cray stated, "The funding was to carry out training as part of a radical jihadist group. and also says, "The discussion between the Ali twins and terrorists involved stealing money by pretending to donors the cash was going to be recognized as a charitable contribution." And the Hourscome and harness the steeds to the burning sun-car, and putthe reins into Helios Hyperion's hands. Evil twins hurting innocent people, breaking the law, and robbing us behind our backs date back to the early 1900s with the Fox brothers. According to his account, soon after Lincoln was elected in 1860, he arrived home one day and looked into the bureau mirror where he saw himself reflected in double. Copyright 2023 Intoxicated On Life All Rights Reserved Site Design by Emily White Designs. At least I know now. WebIn the ancient Norse religion: Freyr and Freyja. And while some people may seem content with the story as it stands, our view is that there existcountless mysteries, scientific anomalies and surprising artifacts thathave yet to be discovered and explained. [1] In some cultures they are seen as ominous, and in others they are seen as auspicious. Source: neurobite /Adobe Stock, Doppelganger - Spirit or Omen? In Greek mythology, Apollo and Artemis are twins, and Apollo was adopted as the sun god with Artemis as the moon goddess. NP God,bless. WebThe androgyne (from the Greek andros, "man," and gune, "woman") is a creature that is half male and half female. However it says Rachel was attractive but doesnt mention that about Leah, maybe they werent twins but looked very similar, maybe the bride had to cover herself for intimacy and thats why he did not notice. Women in their mid-thirties are more likely to conceive fraternal twins than younger mothersreleasing two eggs at the same time is not typical, possibly reflecting the aging process. The entire story of the twins is messed up from beginning to end. doppelgangers are not reflections in the mirror, a reflection in the mirror is a reflection in the mirror. Be sure to subscribe so we can send you free email updates and resources for raising strong families. In the king James when it comes to the birth of Cain and Able she bare down and had Cain then she bare down again and had Able so this is why they said that Cain and Able are twins. Gen 25. Ok word may be wrong. ( Public Domain ), One of the most famous depictions of doppelgngers comes from the 1851 sketch and 1864 watercolor called How They Met Themselves by Dante Gabriel Rossetti. In an eerie story of a close sisterly bond gone wrong, Jeen Han and two males were charged with the attempted murder of Sunny Han and her one time roommate Helen Kim. In some Northwest Coast tribes, such as the Kwakwaka'wakw, twins are believed to be blessed by the Salmon People and have special ceremonial roles in the Salmon Ceremony. Castor and Pollux are the Dioscuri twin brothers. WebIn Iroquois mythology, the Twin Gods are the grandsons (or in some versions, the sons) of the goddess Sky Woman. The two taped segments were followed by live interviews with two sets of identical twins, one male and one female. "Ahura Mazda (Ohrmazd) and Ahriman." Bethlehem and Bible, see the [ le ] house of bread. Norimitsu Odachi: Who Could Have Possibly Wielded This Enormous 15th Century Japanese Sword? (False) About one-third of identical twins have separate placentae. Cains father is the Serpent (Satan) By bringing together top experts and authors, this archaeology website explores lost civilizations, examines sacred writings, tours ancient places, investigates ancient discoveries and questions mysterious happenings. Joanna completed a Bachelor of Science (Psychology) degree in Australia and published research in the field of Educational Psychology. Check out our Family Bible Studies Guides, 5 Read Aloud Story Bibles for Kids as They Grow, But Why? Answering Your Kids Questions with Scripture, Kids & the Bible: 10 Ways to Help Them Focus on Gods Word, The Talk: 7 Lessons to Introduce Your Child to Biblical Sexuality, Losing It: 3 steps to conquering your anger and becoming a happier mom, Your Discipline Toolbox: a practical guide to discipline you can actually stick with, Screen Sense: 3 No-Fail Strategies to Ending the Struggle Over Screen Time, Preparing Christian Kids for an LGBT World: Modeling Love, Honoring Truth, Tackling Tough Questions. Lincoln noticed that although the images were nearly identical, one was "a little palersay five shadesthan the other". These divine twins can function alone in one body, either functioning as a male or as male and female as they desire. 14 The Whitehead Twins Let's go down to Georgia where there's a horrific murder story about two evil twin sisters named Jasmiyah and Tasmiyah Whitehead. Doesn't seem long enough to me, or most of you reading this listicle today, I'm sure. Thanks for the pointers on Hebrew. Available from: http://www.paranormal-encyclopedia.com/d/doppelganger/, Doppelgnger Encyclopaedia Britannica. WebTwins can represent the dualistic nature of the universe. , Written byEllen Lloyd AncientPages.com, Copyright AncientPages.comAll rights reserved. 2. Jacob should have noticed that he was given the wrong daughter on his wedding night, dont you think? Their names are Ronnie and Reggie Kray, and they were at the top of organized crime in London from the 1950s through the 1960s. Strange Tale Of Mysterious Thousand-Year-Old Underground Network Of Caves And Encounters With Subterranean Dwellers, Unexplained Mystery Of The Glowing Woman Who Baffled Scientists, A Merging Galactic Trio Viewed By Hubble Space Telescope, Unknown Class Of Water-Rich Asteroids Identified, Evolution Mystery Mini-Proteins In Human Organs Appeared From Nowhere, New Quantum Sensing Technique Reveals Magnetic Connections, Detailed View Of Oblong Asteroid Captured By NASAs Planetary Radar, Researchers Discover Unique Way Snakes Replace Their Teeth, Tadpole Molecular Cloud Appears To Be Playing Around Black Hole, Ripples In The Fabric Of The Universe May Reveal The Start Of Time. The two brothers were also the focus of an investigation to charge them for various unsolved murders at the time. 6. Bethel and Gospel see the [ el ] house of God, twins Gen 25:22 And the children struggled together within her; and she said, If it be so, why am I thus? These two of history's most evil twins are Mohammed Shafiq Ali and Mohammed Shabir Ali, and they are nearly identical twins. According to legend or folklore, if you spot your double, it is an omen of dreadful disease or even possibly death. Archaeologists have been able to take a closer look at one of the United Kingdoms most famous shipwrecks. A pair of early 20th-century female ere ibeji twin figures ( Childrens Museum of Indianapolis) Twins appear in the mythologies of many cultures around the world. Mythological twins often also have special powers and deep bonds. Thegoal of Ancient Origins is to highlight recent archaeological discoveries, peer-reviewed academic research and evidence, as well as offering alternative viewpoints and explanations of science, archaeology, mythology, religion and history around the globe. Zeus used his thunderbolts frequently, sometimes to cause fear, and other occasions to kill. WebIn Greek mythology, the twin gods Apollo and Artemis governed the sun and moon, whilst Zoroastrian tradition tells tales of the good spirit Spenta Mainyu locked in battle with his destructive twin Angra Mainyu. God has blessed us with 11 children! Not that he was any more innocent than they were in all honesty. Mudlarker Finds Bronze Age Shoe on a UK Riverbank Dated 2,800 Years Old! MODULAR AND CUSTOMIZABLE AMERICAN-MANUFACTURED LITHIUM-ION BATTERY SOLUTIONS FOR YOUR ENERGY NEEDS. These twin sisters killed their own mother in cold blood! They were generally considered omens of bad luck or even signs of impending death a doppelgnger seen by a person's relative or friend was said to signify that illness or danger would befall that person, while seeing one's own doppelgnger was said to be an omen of death. What a horrible way to commit fraud let alone trying to kill mass amounts of people in the process. The Igbo are an ethnic group in present-day Nigeria with a not-so-friendly mythology about twins. The two evil twins actually look pretty hot in this photo don't they? This phenomenon is a very common interpretation of twin births across different mythological cultures. [2] Castor's father is Tyndareus, the king of Sparta (hence the mortal form). Spanish conquistadors couldn't believe their eyes while exploring the rugged terrain of the Andes during their invasion of Peru. WebTwins appear in the mythologies of many cultures around the world. The Hopi also believe in duality between the Upper World and the Underworld: that whatever is happening here in the Upper World, the opposite is happening in the Underworld. Hopi legends refer to the twins who were called the Child of the Sun and the Child of the Water. I dont see the mention of twinsand I definitely do not see where they were identical. Laban tricked Jacob by giving Leah to him on the night he was expecting Rachel. Even though the brothers are twins, they have two different fathers. Moving on to the number 12 spot on our list of history's most evil twins are Pete and Pat Bondurant. I feel as old as Sarah but I have faith. Apparently, James White had been trying to get on Peggy Lowe's good graces and was hired for just a few thousand dollars to perform the hit. They also have male twins, Castor and Pollux, and their respective husbands are brothers: Another example of this strong bond shared between twins is the Ibeji twins from African mythology. Throughout our history, there are indeed multiple twin brothers and sisters that have caused havoc all around the world. It is certainly not my intention to add to the Bible, but interpret it. A cloud of fire encompassingThebes breaks into the dwelling of Kadmos as Zeus comes wooing Semele; and Semele apparently is destroyed, butDionysosis born, by Zeus, so I believe, in the presence of the fire. Third, if they are twins they fit nicely into the pattern seen in the lives of Isaac and Judah: both their younger twins inherited the birthright, just as the younger Ephraim was blessed first by Jacob (Genesis 48:19). Isaac and his wife Rebekah are the first couple mentioned in the Bible to have twins. thanks for the read but it was Cain that was born to Adam after he had relations with his wife and she became pregnant. Especially while in a crowded courtroom. Twins are often depicted with special powers. This has been a very interesting read and bible study for me. There are several different perspectives of who Lilith is and why she was so dangerous, but all of them involve her hatred towards Adam, Eve, and their descendants. The idea of contrasting duality, where the two halves of each pairing are independent and yet connected to one another, is vital to the Mesoamerican Needless to say we will be dealing with you again soon., Krosstech has been excellent in supplying our state-wide stores with storage containers at short notice and have always managed to meet our requirements., We have recently changed our Hospital supply of Wire Bins to Surgi Bins because of their quality and good price. In an aboriginal tale, the same constellation represents the twin lizards who created the plants and animals and saved women from evil spirits. WebThe androgyne (from the Greek andros, "man," and gune, "woman") is a creature that is half male and half female. WebTwins in mythology. [1] In some cultures they are seen as ominous, and in others they are seen as auspicious. Some of history's most evil twins have gone unpunished. Top Image: Representation of spirit doubles or doppelgangers. Twins in particular are seen as potent mythic pairs; however, both twins and other pairs of siblings are utilized in iconography and mythology to represent connected opposites. Lets be care not to add or subtract from the bible and attract the curse of God. Being compared all the time to your twin brother must've been tough for good old Iphy. If one of the twins dies, the parents then create a doll that portrays the body of the deceased child, so the soul of the deceased can remain intact for the living twin. (True) WebTwins appear in the mythologies of many cultures around the world. To the Dogon of Mali, t Continue Reading 11 The brothers found out they had a knack for selling heroin, blow, and firearms from various locations including a flat that was located on the beach itself. Webpairs (Minneci, 1999). In Greek mythology, some twins were conceived when a woman slept with both a mortal and a god on the same day. From what I've read, the taped confessions are chilling. Whether it is valid as scripture or not, it is indeed an ancient text and is therefore one valid historical perspective. You may not believe how evil one person can be but what happens when that one person is two people and they'reboth equal parts delinquent? Then, two things happened: either Chaos or Gaia created the universe as we know it, or Ouranos and Tethys gave birth to the first beings. [1] In some cultures they are seen as ominous, and in others they are seen as auspicious. Lilith is known to be the first woman to ever be created according to many rabbinic texts (the source of much Jewish mythology).